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Middle Ages Travel Diary Project: Chicago Citation Style 17th Edition

Use this guide to help you find sources for your research.

CMS Basics

Use the Notes and Bibliography system, you should include a footnote each time you use a source, whether through a direct quote, paraphrase, or summary. Footnotes should be added at the end of the page on which the source is referenced.  A bibliography is required at the end of the paper with sources listed alphabetically. 

  • Footnotes and Bibliography
    • When using the Notes-Bibliography system, you need to use either footnotes (numbered citations that appear at the bottom of each page) Each note corresponds to a raised (superscript) number in the text.¹  (Google Docs - CTRL+. )
    • When you cite a source in a note for the second time, you do not need to put in all the information again: you can use a shortened form (Use Author name only if title is longer than 4 words).   CMOS 17th edition recommends using shortened citations – NOT the abbreviation Ibid.

    • In-text citation: "...his theory of assemblages offers “a sense of the irreducible social complexity characterizing the contemporary world.”49

    • Footnote at bottom of page (first use of source):  49. Manuel DeLanda, A New Philosophy of Society: Assemblage Theory and Social Complexity (London: Continuum, 2006), 6. 

    • Susbsequent footnote: 50. DeLanda, 9. (Susbsequent use of the same author should use author's last name NOT Ibid.)

  • Shortened Form: 

    • Full citation: (First use of source)  1. David Harvey, “Modernity and Modernism,” in The Condition of Postmodernity: An Enquiry into the Origins of Cultural Change (Malden, MA: Blackwell, 1990), 12.
    •  (Second use of source) 2. Harvey, “Modernity and Modernism,” 12.
    •  (Third) 3. Harvey, 13.
    •  (Fourth) 4. Harvey, 15. (Do not use Ibid.- "in the same source")

  • Bibliography (hanging indent .50in on second and subsequent sentences)

    Book: Last name, First name. Title of Book. Place of publication: Publisher, Year of publication.

DeLanda, Manuel. A New Philosophy of Society: Assemblage Theory and Social Complexity.London: Continuum, 2006.

Database Journal Article: Last name, First name. "Article Title," Journal Title Volume, no. Issue (Year): page #, DOI OR URL of journal article web page OR Name of database.

Bent, Henry E. "Professionalization of the Ph.D. Degree.” College Composition and Communication 58, no. 4 (2007): 140-145. Accessed December 4, 2017. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1978286.


General format for footnote and bibliography entry:

 

  • Footnote (N):

    1. First name Last name, Title of Book (Place of publication: Publisher, Year of publication), page number.

    Corresponding bibliographical entry (B):

    Last name, First name. Title of Book. Place of publication: Publisher, Year of publication.

  • Book by one author 

    N:

    1.  Jack Kerouac, The Dharma Bums (New York: Viking Press, 1958), 128. 

    B:
    Kerouac, Jack. The Dharma Bums. New York: Viking Press, 1958.

Signal Phrase Verbs to Use with In-Text Citations

Acknowlegdes Comments Endorses Reasons
Adds Compares Grants Refutes
Admits Confirms Implies Rejects
Agrees Contends Insists Reports
Argues Declares Illustrates Responds
Asserts Denies Notes Suggests
Believes Disputes Observes Thinks
Claims Emphasizes Points Out Writes